Week 10 : Classroom Resources (Audio) (ONLINE DISCUSSION)

Question : 

  1. List format audio
  2. Differentiate lossy and loseless.

 

Answer : 

1. List format audio

video-joiner3

  • PCM
  • WAV
  • AIFF
  • MP3
  • AAC
  • OGG
  • WMA
  • FLAC
  • ALAC
  • WMA

 

 


2. Differentiate lossy and loseless.

  • Lossless and lossy compression are terms that describe whether or not, in the compression of a file, all original data can be recovered when the file is uncompressed. With lossless compression, every single bit of data that was originally in the file remains after the file is uncompressed

 

BASIS FOR COMPARISON LOSSY COMPRESSION LOSSLESS COMPRESSION
Meaning
  • Lossy Compression is a class of data encoding methods that use inaccurate estimates to represent the content.
  • Lossless Compression without loss is a class of data compression algorithms that allow the original data to be corrected precisely from compressed data.
Algorithm
  • Transform coding, DCT, DWT, fractal compression, RSSMS.
  • RLW, LZW, Arithmetic encoding, Huffman encoding, Shannon Fano coding.
Used in
  • Images, audio and video.
  • Text or program, images and sound.
Application
  • JPEG, GUI, MP3, MP4, OGG, H-  264, MKV, etc.
  • RAW, BMP, PNG, WAV, FLAC, ALAC etc.
Data-holding capacity of the channel
  • More
  • Less as compared to lossy method

 

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WEEK 11 (ONLINE DISCUSSION)

Question : 

1. Define the meaning of aperture, shutter speed, ISO and DOF
2. Differentiate the purpose of camera angles and shots.

 


Answer :

1. Define the meaning of aperture, shutter speed, ISO and DOF

 Aperture

  •  A hole or small opening in something. : an opening that controls the amount of light that passes through a lens (such as a camera lens).  The lower f/stops give more exposure because they represent the larger apertures, while the higher f/stops give less exposure because they represent smaller apertures. This may seem a little contradictory at first but will become clearer as you take pictures at varying f/stops.

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Shutter Speed

  • In photography and digital photography the shutter speed is the unit of measurement which determines how long shutter remains open as the picture is taken.The shutter speed and aperture together control the total amount of light reaching the sensor.

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ISO

  • ISO speed describes how sensitive your camera’s sensor is to the light that hits it. A more sensitive sensor will produce the same overall exposure from less light, meaning that you can use a narrower aperture or faster shutter speed in the same conditions. Moving from ISO 800 to ISO 400 is a 1 stop decrease.

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 Depth of Fields

  •  The range of distance in front of and behind an object focused by an optical instrument, such as a camera or microscope, within which other objects will also appear clear and sharply defined in the resulting image Compare depth of focus. Contemporary definitions for depth of field.
  • The depth of the small field means only half of the page or image is in focus, and the other will appear blurry.

dof1


2. Differentiate the purpose of camera angles and shots.

  • Camera shots are used to demonstrate different aspects of setting, themes and characters. Camera angles are used to position the viewer so that they can understand the relationships between the characters. These are very important for shaping meaning in film as well as in other visual texts.

CAMERA ANGLE

all-angles

CAMERA SHOTS

Camera Shot

Week 6 : Media and methods of Instructions (ONLINE DISCUSSION)

1. Compare and contrast teacher vs student centered learning strategies.
2. Use table to compare and contrast the advantages and limitation of :

a. Cooperative learning
b. Gamification
c. Discovery learning
d. Inquiry-based learning
e. Project/Problem based learning

 

ANSWER

TeachingMethods2

1. Compare and contrast teacher vs student centered learning strategies.

Student-centered instruction. When a classroom operates with student-centered instruction,students and instructors share the focus. Instead of listening to the teacher exclusively, students and teachers interact equally. Group work is encouraged, and students learn to collaborate and communicate with one another.

Teacher-centered education

In teacher-centered education, students put all of their focus on the teacher. You talk, and the students exclusively listen. During activities, students work alone, and collaboration is discouraged.

Pros

  • When education is teacher-centered, the classroom remains orderly. Students are quiet, and you retain full control of the classroom and its activities.
  • Because students learn on their own, they learn independence and make their own decisions.
  • Because you direct all classroom activities, you don’t have to worry that students will miss an important topic.

Cons

  • When students work alone, they don’t learn to collaborate with other students, and their communication skills may suffer.
  • Teacher-centered instruction can be boring for students. Their minds may wander, and they may miss important facts.
  • Teacher-centered instruction doesn’t allow students to express themselves, ask questions, and direct their own learning.

Student-centered instruction

When a classroom operates with student-centered instruction, students and instructors share the focus. Instead of listening to the teacher exclusively, students and teachers interact equally. Group work is encouraged, and students learn to collaborate and communicate with one another.

Pros

  • Students learn important communicative and collaborative skills through group work.
  • Students learn to direct their own learning, ask questions, and complete tasks independently.
  • Students are more interested in learning activities when they can interact with one another and participate actively.

Cons

  • Because students are talking, classrooms may often be noisy or chaotic.
  • Teachers may have to attempt to manage all students’ activities at once, which can be difficult when students are working on different stages of the same project.
  • Because the teacher doesn’t always deliver instruction to all students at once, some students may miss important facts.
  • Some students prefer to work alone, so group work can become problematic.

inspire6_spathak1

 

2.0 Use table to compare and contrast the advantages and limitation of :

a. Cooperative learning
b. Gamification
c. Discovery learning
d. Inquiry-based learning
e. Project/Problem based learning

Aspect Advantages Limitation
· Cooperative learning  Allows students to actively participate in problem solving processes by brainstorming, discussion and presentation.

· Develop high critical thinking

 

· Requires discipline. Some learner may not participate in the group work but still get credits.
· Gamification Promotes team learning and collaborative skills

· Instill confidence within students through the challenges

· Can create anger disappointment in-group or out group.

 

· Inquiry- based Learning · Allows for focused learning that eliminates irrelevant aspects· Provide immediate feedback · Can be expensive· Have limitation for number of people in the same time.
· Discovery Learning · Encourages motivation, active involvement and creativity· Ensures high level of memory · Endless wandering and seeking for answer, might be confusing· Teachers needs to be well prepared
· Problem Based Learning · Develop critical thinking· Greater output

· Communication is improved

· Unhealthy competition-while we eager to express our ideas, others opinion may be ignored.

 

Week 5 Instructional System Design: Theory and Model (online discussion)

Define cyber learning with example of classroom application.
• Describe cyber leaning literacy and its implementation in classroom.
• Identify three web 2.0 resources.

 

ANSWER : 

cyber-events

 

1. Define cyber learning with example of classroom application.

Definition

  • cyber learning is reflects a growing national interest in managing the interactions of technology and education, especially with respect to the use of networking and information technologies.
  • However, there is little agreement about what the term means. Such disagreements reflect underlying differences in beliefs about the purposes of education.
  • Cyber learning is Web 2.0 networked computing and communication technologies are used to help in student learning.

Classroom Application

  • This is a podcast that is recorded in a video format and can be used in a classroom setting by presenting information to the student that can be both heard and seen. The visual element is the aspect that is believed to be important to the message that is conveyed because it has the ability to show demonstrations that assist with independent student work.
  • The student can watch the video cast before class and the is given the opportunity to complete the task on their own.

 


2.Describe cyber leaning literacy and its implementation in classroom.

Definition

  • Digital Literacy is the ability to use information and communication technologies to find, evaluate, create, and communicate information, requiring both cognitive and technical skills.
  • Digital literacy is a collection of competencies required for full participation in knowledge societies. It includes knowledge, skills, and behavior that involves the effective use of digital devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops and desktop computers for communication, expression and cooperation purposes.

Implementation in classroom

digital-literacy-diagram

3.Identify three web 2.0 resources

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Storybirds

This is a fun and easy-to-use tool for creating short, visual stories. Students can select artwork, drag and organize photos, and add their own text. These creations can then be published on the web with adjustable privacy settings. There is also the option to allow comments, which is perfect for teachers to encourage student collaboration.

Wetoku

Wetoku is a web service or Web 2.0 tool out of Korea that provides a simple platform for interviewing someone via the Internet. Collaborating globally is a must for our students and connecting can be a challenge. Wetoku makes doing an interview as easy as filling out some basic information, creating an interview session and then sending the creative interview session’s URL to the interviewee. Once the recording is done, the interviewer can embed the copy of the URL into a blog or website. You will need a web-cam to use this tool.

Skype

This web tool is an easy solution for teachers to open up their classroom and their students to a world way beyond their campus. With Skype, students can learn from other students, connect with other cultures, and expand their knowledge in amazing ways by communicating through their computer with a webcam.

 

 

WEEK 4 (ONLINE DISCUSSION)

  1. What are the primary types of criteria used to analyze learners?
  2. Why are learning objectives is important?
  3. What are the four component crafting a good learning objectives?

 


  1. What are the primary types of criteria used to analyze learners?

 

The ASSURE model is the process of designing a modified teaching system for use by teachers in the regular classroom.

ASSURE-model-stages

  •    The ASSURE model is an ISD (Instructional System Design) process that was MODIFIED TO BE USE BY TEACHERS IN THE REGULAR CLASSROOM. The ISD PROCESS IS ONE IN WHICH TEACHERS AND TRAINERS can use to design and develop the most appropriate learning environment for their students. You can use this process in writing your lesson plan and in improving teacher and learning.

2. Why are learning objectives is important

Learning Objectives

Every program of instruction, course, or training activity begins with a goal. This goal can be broken down into specific goals, or learning objectives, which are concise statements about what students will be able to do when they complete instruction.

Why are learning objectives important? 

The philosopher Seneca once said, “If one does not know to which port one is sailing, no wind is favorable.” When you know where you are headed, you can more easily get there. Well-defined and articulated learning objectives are important because they:

  • provide students with a clear purpose to focus their learning efforts
  • direct your choice of instructional activities
  • guide your assessment strategies

 

 


3. What are the four component crafting a good learning objectives?

Qualities of Objectives

 

A – Audience

Every learning objective should state something that the learner should do. Sometimes, your objective may refer to the “actor” in general terms such as “the learner” or “you.” Other times, you may identify the actor by his or her job role, such as “the customer service representative” or “the press operator.” Regardless, remember that each learning objective states something that the actor must be able to do after the training. This is the “WHO?” of your objective.

B – Behavior 

Every learning objective should state something that the learner must do—a behavior of some sort. This may be something as simple as stating a definition or it may be something more “physical,” such as performing an action. But it must be some form of observable behavior, not something unobservable like “know,” “understand,” or “appreciate.” This is the “WHAT?” of your objective.

3. C –  Condition

Many times, your learner will have to perform the learning objective’s behavior within a set of given conditions. For example, you might say “given a list of words, circle the ones that are part of a given machine,” or “given a wrench, tighten this bolt,” or “given a schematic diagram, correctly identify the machines in a work area.” This is the “HOW?” of your objective.

4. D – Degree

This part of the learning objective explains the criteria for performing the task well enough. Examples here include “in less than ten minutes,” or “with 90% accuracy,” or “90 times an hour.” This is the “HOW WELL?” of your objective.

MY RUBRIC

A scoring rubric is an attempt to communicate expectations of quality around a task. This rubric will be a guide by students when planning their work. Here is the rubric for your guideline in producing beads embroidery technique.

 

RUBRIC